Would've

CalifJim

anonymousSuppose I am talking to a respected person, I can’t just say, ‘I need to use your charger because mine is broken.’ Because that would be very direct. But instead I could say, ‘I would need to use your charger because mine is broken.’ This one makes it polite. Am I correct?

No. Changing a sentence so it contains "would" is not the way to make yourself polite. This is all you need to say:

May I please use your charger? Mine is broken.

CJ

Please reply, Califjim.