Work through

Does "the working through of traumatic experience" in the following context mean more like:

1. coping with traumatic experience

or

2. the consideration and representation of traumatic experience ?

Text:

Artist Louise Bourgeois says that there is no cure for the artist, that any therapeutic aspect of art-making is overridden by the repetition of traumatic experience it entails. Psychoanalyst Julia Kristeva says that the artist ‘is able to find a temporary harmony in his state of malaise’, and she sees art as ultimately cathartic. This may be the difference between an artist and a psychoanalyst, and in this book I ultimately argue that, while the working through of traumatic experience may well repeat pain, there is pleasure to be gained in the structured or formalised fragmentation of the ego, which serves culture by converting the sadistic impulses of the ego, whose defence mechanisms are domination and appropriation of the external world and whose actions tend towards war, into a masochistic ethics of responsibility and desire.