why does 'by' use in inhabit?

Question

HiI am trying to analysis some text like this ,They visit strange lands inhabited by dinosaurs and giant prehistoric humans, and sail across an underground ocean.I am wondering why' by' used in ' inhabited'?Also how can I get a meaning?

Cool Breeze · Accepted Answer

Carter LeeThey visit strange lands [that/which are] inhabited by dinosaurs and giant prehistoric humans, and sail across an underground ocean.

A couple of words have been left out. It is called a reduced relative clause in the Anglo-Saxon world and a relative clause equivalent in some European countries. That are inhabited is a passive structure and by introduces an agent, which tells us what the grammatical subject would be in an active clause.
You can learn to understand English by studying it. There is no shortcut to any language. It takes years. You should start by learning the basics first. Structures like your example are too complicated for beginners.

CB

Carter Lee · Answer

Cool Breeze Carter LeeThey visit strange lands [that/which are] inhabited by dinosaurs and giant prehistoric humans, and sail across an underground ocean.A couple of words have been left out. It is called a reduced relative clause in the Anglo-Saxon world and a relative clause equivalent in some European countries. That are inhabited is a passive structure and by introduces an agent, which tells us what the grammatical subject would be in an active clause.You can learn to understand English by studying it. There is no shortcut to any language. It takes years. You should start by learning the basics first. Structures like your example are too complicated for beginners.CB

Is this only specific feature of english what a shotcut?

why does 'by' use in inhabit?

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