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Soheil1 Posted 9 years ago
Grammar

Which

HI

What does each which refer to?


Perceptual Computing refers to systems that have the ability to work and perform calculations by human perception, which can be expressed by words.

[...]

In [7], a hierarchical decision-making system has been modeled by Per-C, evaluating alternatives based on hierarchical criteria and sub-criteria, which are then compared to find either a single winner or a subset of winners.


Thanks in advance

  

Top answer

soheil1 Perceptual Computing refers to systems that have the ability to work and perform calculations by human perception, which can be expressed by words. It refers to 'calculations'. soheil1 In [7], a hierarchical decision-making system has been modeled by Per-C, evaluating alternatives based on hierarchical criteria and sub-criteria, which are then compared to find either a single winner or a subset of winners.

— Persian Learner

  • soheil1 Perceptual Computing refers to systems that have the ability to work and perform calculations by human perception, which can be expressed by words.
  • It refers to 'calculations'.
  • soheil1 In [7], a hierarchical decision-making system has been modeled by Per-C, evaluating alternatives based on hierarchical criteria and sub-criteria, which are then compared to find either a single winner or a subset of winners.
  • It refers to 'alternatives'.
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6 Answers
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soheil1

Perceptual Computing refers to systems that have the ability to work and perform calculations by human perception, which can be expressed by words.

It refers to 'calculations'.

soheil1

In [7], a hierarchical decision-making system has been modeled by Per-C, evaluating alternatives based on hierarchical crit

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Why doesn't the first one refer to "perception"?
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soheil1

Perceptual Computing refers to systems that have the ability to work and perform calculations by human perception, which can be expressed by words.


I'm baffled by the statement above. What does "calculations by human perception" mean? How are you doing calculations (mathematical ones, I presume) by human perception? Yes, you see o

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soheil1 Why doesn't the first one refer to "perception"?

It wouldn't make sense that way. 'by human perception' is a modifier of 'perform'.

Consider this:

"Perceptual Computing refers to systems that have the ability to work and perform by human perception, which can be expressed by words."

'by human perception' seems like

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soheil1Perceptual Computing refers to systems that have the ability to work and perform calculations by human perception, which can be expressed by words.

In my opinion the sentence above is poorly written where relative "which" refers to the whole main clause (Perceptual Computing... perception).

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It's always difficult to answer questions where the cited examples include expressions not familiar to most people, or include a lot of technical jargon. Nevertheless, there does appear to be an error in both your examples in that the relative clauses look as though they should be of the integrated (defining/restrictive) kind, and hence should not be set apart by commas.

If I'm right,

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