What is the distinction between the three definitions of "withal"?

Question

I've done some research on some online dictionaries, whereby each dictionary provides exactly three dictionary definitions for the word "withal". But herein lies the rub: I do not fully comprehend the meanings of these three dictionary entries.

Take Lexico, for example:

with·al [w?'T?Hôl, w?'THôl]

ADVERB

withal (adverb)

definition: in addition; as a further factor or consideration:

Example: "the whole is light and portable, and ornamental withal"

definition: all the same; nevertheless (used when adding something that contrasts with a previous comment):

Example: "she gave him a grateful smile, but rueful withal"

PREPOSITION

definition: with (used at the end of a clause):

Example: "we sat with little to nourish ourselves withal but vile water"

Anonymous · Accepted Answer

You did notice that they call it archaic, right? It is not in anyone's active vocabulary, so we don't have instincts about it.

I don't think I see your problem.

adverb 1 - Just plug in "in addition" where you see "withal": "the whole is light and portable, and ornamental in addition".

adverb 1.1 - Just plug in the definition: "she gave him a grateful smile, but rueful nevertheless". This definition seems to require a contrast conjunction such as "though", "but" or "yet".

preposition - Same deal: "we sat with little to nourish ourselves with but vile water"

CalifJim · Answer

xbladefate25 I do not fully comprehend the meanings of these three dictionary entries.

The first two mean "too". The last one means "with", just as the definition says.

CJ

What is the distinction between the three definitions of "withal"?

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