Thank you for all your replies!
Now I feel I found the grammatical rule for this case: "What" and "Who" can be used as subjects in sentences like: "What happened to you?"; "Who phoned me?" and there's no need of using the auxiliary verb "do", which do happens if I say: "When did it happen?" because "When" can not be used as subject (or Why, Where, etc). Is this "rule" correct?