Context:<br/><br/>A <b>paradigm shift</b> (or <b>revolutionary science</b>) is, according to <a href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Samuel_Kuhn' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Samuel_Kuhn</a>, in his influential book <i><a href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Structure_of_Scientific_Revolutions' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Structure_of_Scientific_Revolutions</a></i> (1962), a change in the basic assumptions, or <a href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradigm' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradigm</a>, within the ruling <a href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory</a> of <a href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science</a>. It is in contrast to his idea of <i><a href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_science' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_science</a></i>. According to Kuhn, "A <a href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradigm' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradigm</a> is what members of a scientific <b>community</b>, and <b>they alone</b>, share" (<i>The Essential Tension</i>, 1977). Unlike a normal scientist, Kuhn held, "a student in the <a href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanities' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanities</a> has constantly before him a number of competing and incommensurable solutions to these problems, solutions that he must ultimately examine for himself" (<i>The Structure of Scientific Revolutions</i>).