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NL888 Posted 13 years ago
Grammar

What does "it" refer to here? TAP’s goal?

Context:

Some observers have criticized what they saw as a strongly politicized agenda to TAP. Social critic Christopher Lasch[26] argued that by equating mental health with left-wing politics and associating right-wing politics with an invented “authoritarian” pathology, TAP’s goal was to eliminate antisemitism by “subjecting the American people to what amounted to collective psychotherapy—by treating them as inmates of an insane asylum.” Similarly, Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Zizek wrote, “It is precisely the kind of group loyalty, respect for tradition, and consciousness of differences central to Jewish identity, however, that Horkheimer and Adorno described as mental illness in Gentiles. These writers adopted what eventually became a favorite Soviet tactic against dissidents: anyone whose political views differed from theirs was insane. […] Christian self-denial, and especially sexual repression, caused hatred of the Jews [according to Adorno et al.].”[27]
  

Top answer

It's an example of a dummy it. For example It is useful to speak English. or It is cold outside.

  • It's an example of a dummy it.
  • For example It is useful to speak English.
  • or It is cold outside.
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2 Answers
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It's an example of a dummy it.

For example
It is useful to speak English.
or
It is cold outside.

You can read more about it here http://www.brighthubeducation.com/english-homework-help/60131-existential-there-and-dummy-it-pronouns/
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Though assuming dummy, it actually refers to the real subject:
It is useful to speak English
===>>> To speak English is useful ("to speak English" is the real subject).

So in the question of this thread, the real subject is:
"that Horkheimer and Adorno described as mental illness in Gentiles"?

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