(1) The girl stood by the window gazing at the twinkling stars.-- This tells us what she was doing. (2) The girl gazing at the twinkling stars stood by the window.-- This tells us which girl was there.
(3) The little boy came toward me humming a song.-- This tells us what he was doing. (4) The little boy humming a song came toward me.-- This tells us w
I also want to extend these questions as written. In (1) and (2), how to determine whether or not the preposition "with" can be omitted ? In (3) and (4), how to determine whether or not the comma "," can be omitted ? Which is better?
(1) She rode her bike, with her hair blowing in the wind.
(2) She rode her bike, her hair blowing in the wind.