It would certainly be clearer to say John Glenn was the Senator for Ohio, which is what he was. Not knowing your source for your quotation, it is difficult to comment on why "from" was used.
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U.S. senator from Ohio = a senator of national level, not a senator of state(Ohio) level (of course the senator was from Ohio)?Yes. National level. Otherwise he would be a state senator, or, more specifically, an Ohio state senator. He would then not be described as from Ohio, but from District 101, or from District 324, or from
Yes, exactly. In the odd speech of the U.S. Senate, you will hear phrases like "The distinguished gentleman from Virginia
Although in some sense Glenn could be described as a senator "for" Ohio, U.S. senators are usually refered to as "the senator from a particular state" -- perhaps because that state sends the senator to Washington D.C.