there are

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Hello,I have a question which has haunted me for a long time. I know the construction ' there is/there are', for example:There are a lot of flowers in the room.In the office there is a tv set and one computer.But what about such sentences:Paris is worth visiting. There are lots of sights there.Do I have to repeat the word 'there'?I am spending my holidays in Paris. There are lots of sights here!Do I have to repeat the word 'here'?Do we say 'in here' as well?'Here are a lot of sights' would be similar to 'Here are my keys! I have been looking for them for 2 hours!", wouldn't it?Thank you for your help!

Canadian45 · Accepted Answer

CoincidenceBut what about such sentences:
Paris is worth visiting. There are lots of things to see.
Do I have to repeat the word 'there'? No, the above is more natuural.
I am spending my holidays in Paris. There are lots of sights here!
Do I have to repeat the word 'here'? No, say the same as above.
Do we say 'in here' as well? no
'Here are a lot of sights' That is not natural English. '
Here are my keys! I have been looking for them for 2 hours!". That is natural English, but it is talking about something completely different.

CalifJim · Answer

CoincidenceThere are lots of sights there.

It is correct to use there twice. I believe you are confusing two different uses of the word "there". In the sentence above, the first there is existential there; the second is locative there. The first is part of the idiom "there is", "there are", "there was", "there were", etc., which posits the existence of something. The second is an adverb of place; it tells the location of the thing. For this reason, we can have two theres in one sentence. The locative expressions are shown in brackets below.

There are a lot of pens [on the table].
Where?
[There!] [On the table.] There are a lot of pens [there].

The locative phrase takes precedence over existential there, so the use of only one there makes that there locative (as in example 2 below).

1 [On the table] are a lot of pens.
2 [There] are a lot of pens.
3 [On the table] there are a lot of pens.
4 [There] there are a lot of pens.

I think you can guess that patterns like 2 and 4 are relatively rare. They might confuse the listener (reader) unnecessarily, even though in speaking we stress locative there with the voice: There are a lot of pens.
____________________

In English, unlike the "There is" idioms, the combinations "Here is", "Here are", etc., have never risen to the level of indicators of existence. here is best treated only as an adverb of place. Hence,

5 There are a lot of pens [here]. (Without here, you are saying 2 above. The initial there will become the locative expression.)
6 [Here] are a lot of pens.
7 [Here] there are a lot of pens.

CJ

Coincidence · Answer

Thank you for such a detailed explanation!
I hope I have understood all..If I understand well, it is correct to say:

The neighbourhood is very nice. Here are lots of parks.

and I do not have to say:
The neighbourhood is very nice. There are lots of parks here.

Thank you for confirmation and a very helpful post

Kind regards.

CalifJim · Answer

CoincidenceThe neighbourhood is very nice. There are lots of parks here.

Maybe there has been a slight misunderstanding. This is the way to say it (quote box above). "Here are" suggests too strongly that you are presenting something for viewing by another.

I can show you some pens, holding them in my hand and say "Here are some pens". But on seeing some pens on a table, I can't say "This is a nice table. Here are some pens".

CJ

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