The Word "Lecture"

Yes, you can.

But we usually use the word 'lecture' for something that happens in a formal setting. eg The audience already knows that there is going to be a lecture. You walk in and stand facing them, behind a lectern.

In such a case, you don't have to announce that you re going to give a lecture. Instead, you'd just start talking about phonology.

Is this the kind of context

The usage depends on context.

Today, I will give a lecture on phonology. (in an announcement before the event)
Today, my lecture will be on the subject of phonology. (The opening sentence at the start of the lecture.)

Usage of "give you a lecture"

If you are rude to your elders, your father will give you a stern lecture on the necessity of always being poli

Lectures are more associated with post-secondary education.

The word also implies that the students sit passively, without doing any classroom activities, or even without answering or asking questions. In other words, the classroom becomes a quiet and passive place.

In my experience, most primary and secondary teachers are taught to encourage participation and activity in their cla