'the' is used before an adjective to refer to the whole group of people who have the property described by the adjective. the corrupt ~ those (people) who are corrupt the rich ~ those who are rich the poor ~ those who are poor CJ
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JigneshbharatiThe corruptIt's a noun used the way we say "the poor", "the rich", "the blind", "the unemployed", etc. These expressions have plural meaning.
AnonymousIt's a nounIt's usually analyzed as an NP (noun phrase) without a head noun. It's a determiner (the), an adjective (poor), and "an empty head", i.e., no noun! Pretty crazy, isn't it!