Terminology (human-related)

Hello, everyone ..

What do we call the study, observation of race/ethnicity-related patterns of behavior, and the usual characteristics that distinguish groups of people from one another, i.e. the culture with which one identifies in the eyes of others?

For example, by observing certain aspects of thinking, social interaction or behaviors in people you come across, you would tell whether they were country people, people raised in big cities, of Irish decent, Hispanics, .., etc.

I thought sociology might be a close hit, but I don't think it's the term. The phenomenon I'm interested in here is more rooted in, and tied to, things like human DNA, environment, heritage and the subsequent effect those show on people's minds.

Thanks for your help.