Teachers, Please help me read this article T.t ♡.♡

Hi, teachers!

I’ve just finished reading an article “The limits of energy independence” with a subhead “The Trump administration is ill-equipped for a Middle East crisis that looks increasingly likely.”

But There’s an additional piece of writing at the end of it like an epilogue with its own title “Oleaginous and always with us”!

So teachers, please answer the four questions on it! ???

(1)Oleaginous and always with us Another lesson is that a lighter American footprint in the region requires broad-based alliances, not headstrong proxies. (2)The first are a means to rise above the region’s interminable petty rivalries, the second almost a guarantee of being dragged into them. America has a rich legacy of the right sort of partnership, including the trans-Atlantic ones (3)behind Mr Obama’s nuclear deal and a patchwork of regional allies. But Mr Trump has squandered them. The trans-Atlantic pact has foundered (4)on his attack on the nuclear deal. And when asked on American television who was helping his country through the pandemic, King Abdullah of Jorda, a longtime ally, gave a startling answer. He was grateful, he said, to the United Arab Emirates and the Chinese entrepreneur Jack Ma.

(1)

In my opinion the writer wants to say “The importance of broad-based alliances in handling the Middle East“ in the epilogue! But I don’t understand what the title means! I know what “oleaginous” means, but what does “always with us” mean teacher? ?

(2)

I’ve got neither the structure nor the meaning of this sentence! T.t Which one is the subject? The first? A means? And why the verb is in the plural(are)?

(3)Does “behind” mean “supported or helped in making Obama’s nuclear agreement”?

(4)Does “on his attack” mean “due to his attack”? Can a preposition “on” be used to show whys?

Thank you so much for reading my post!

I hope to get your comment next morning, teacher! ?.?