Things like this are hard to pin down. I have bugaboos of the same sort, and sometimes I discover that I was laboring under a misapprehension. I sense the same thing you do about "talk with", but I think I am suffering from a displaced association with "visit with" and "meet with", the first of which is backwoods dialect to my ear, and the second, redundant.
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enoonThings like this are hard to pin down.Prepositional application is not something that can be explained with hard rules. Much of how they are used is idiomatic and how they relate to the context. As far as "talk" and "speak" are concerned, I find this is the fool-proof rule: talk to / speak with.