Actually I think I know the meaning of most of these words like coruscating, which means shining or glowing, but I need to know the meaning of the first expression: "sudden swelling of the sun" and I want to know the meaning of the other words in the context because I'm afraid they mean something different from what I thought
Then, like a sudden swelling of the sun, a burning, blinding, coruscating light explodes in the dimly-lit chamber ...
The chamber (room) was poorly lit. Suddenly a very bright, flash of light appeared quickly. It was like a sun that got big very quickly, like an explosion. It was enough to hurt people's eyes.
Yes, the Sun can swell. I guess what you need to know is the knowledge of the Sun. So find a reference on the Sun in your own language, after reading it, then you can understand exactly what those English words mean in such a context.
Then, like a sudden swelling1 of the sun, a burning, blinding, coruscating light explodes2 in the dimly-lit chamber ...
1increase in intensity. (This might be the same effect seen when the sun suddenly comes out from behind a cloud.) 2fills (the chamber) with light in the way that an explosion would (sudd