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Jack112 Posted 21 years ago
Grammar

Subject and Verb

1. This chapter introduces you to the inside of your computer, a world of electronic and mechanical devices that has evolved over in just a few years to become the most poweful technical tools of our society. (Is 'has' referring to 'computer' ?)

1. This system of pathways used for communication and the protocol and methods used for transmission are collectively called the bus. (What is the subject for 'are'? )

2. This system of pathways (is) used for communication and the protocol and methods (are) used for transmission are collectively called the bus. (#1 is the one from the internet. I notice that they omitted some words. Is 'is' referring to 'system' ? And is 'are' referring to 'protocol' and 'methods' ?)

3. The beats, (omitted word) called the clock speed, are measured in hertz. (What would the omitted word be in there if I were to add one? Would it be 'that is' or 'is' or 'those are' or 'are' ?)

Thanks.
  

Top answer

1. Strictly speaking, "has" is not a referring expression, but "has" is the form that agrees with "world". 1.

  • 1.
  • Strictly speaking, "has" is not a referring expression, but "has" is the form that agrees with "world".
  • 1.
  • "system" and "protocol" and "methods" are the subjects.
  • 2.
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14 Answers
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1. Strictly speaking, "has" is not a referring expression, but "has" is the form that agrees with "world".

1. "system" and "protocol" and "methods" are the subjects.

2. Yes. "system is" and "protocol and methods are".

3. The beats, which are called (the) clock speed, are measured ...

CJ
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Does it make sense if rewrite #2 with following punctuations?

The system of pathways, used for communication, and the protocol and methods, used for transmission, are collectively called as the bus.

Regards,
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rishonly,
Yes, you could rewrite it like that, but use "called the bus", not "called as the bus". "called as" is not used in that way in English.
CJ
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Thanks for correcting me, CalifJim. Would you mind giving some examples for "called as"?

Regards,
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1. One factor that stands in the way of the widespread acceptance of such transportation alternatives as electric-powered automobiles is the established infrastructure for distributing gasoline. (What is the subject for 'is' here? Is it 'factor' ?)

Thanks.
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I was called as a witness in the trial. (called to be a witness; called to take the role of a witness)
The professor was called as an expert. (called to be an expert; called to take the role of an expert)
James was called as an apostle. (called to be an apostle; called to take the role of an apostle)

Headline: Strike Called as Hurricane Approaches (The strike was called
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1. 10 percent of your grade is homework and assignemnts. (What is the subject here? Is it '10 percent' ? Or is it delayed? It is actually 'homework and assignments' ?)
2. Homework and assignments are 10 percent of your grade. (What is the subject here? Is it in the beginning or in the end? How do you know which one it is?)

Thanks.
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In an equative structure the subject is always the first noun phrase, as far as I know.
Delayed subject? Do you have an example of this?

1. Subject: 10 percent of your grade
2. Subject: Homework and assignments

CJ
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CalifJim, sorry I don't have an example right now.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_your_base_are_belong_to_us

1. All your base are belon
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If you read the Wikipedia article, you'll see quite clearly that this group of words is a bad translation of something in Japanese. It's totally ungrammatical. One can only guess what the original Japanese was, and there is no point in wasting time analyzing such pathological cases!

CJ

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