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Gargie Posted 8 years ago
Grammar

Simple past or past perfect with by

What's the difference between the following

  1. By the 18th century, the Portuguese in India lost their commercial influence.

  2. By the 18th century, the Portuguese in India had lost their commercial influence.

Thank you.

  

Top answer

"Had lost" because it happened before the 18th century.

— Englishmaven

  • "Had lost" because it happened before the 18th century.
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1 Answers
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"Had lost" because it happened before the 18th century.

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