While the irst GE crop approved by USDA!¯s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and commercialized in 1994 was a crop with a strictly second-generation trait (FlavrSavr tomato), most GE crops planted in the United States have irst-generation traits. All three generations of GE crop traits are in various stages of research and development.
Most U.S. acres planted toGE crops have traits that provide herbicide tolerance (HT) and/or insect resistance. These seeds became commercially available in 1996. HT crops are able to tolerate certain highly effective herbicides, such as glyphosate, allowing adopters of these varieties to control pervasive weeds more effectively. Commercially available HT crops include soybeans, corn, cotton, canola, sugarbeets, and alfalfa. Insect-resistant or Bt crops contain a gene from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that produces a protein which is toxic to certain insects, protecting the plant over its entire life (Fernandez-Cornejo and McBride, 2002). Commercially available Bt crops include corn and cotton.
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— Fivejedjon
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