I'm a native English speaker in the US, and I've never heard this particular one before. However, its meaning is obvious, you take the necessary steps to ensure success: education, social skills, making friends, etc. The problem with it becoming a popular idiom seems to be that the image of setting the table is not usually associated with success, the act of setting the table typically being a homemaker's or children's or servant's function, and success usually being a head of the household function.
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