The affected people helped ______.
Is it themselves?
The affected people helped ______. If the intended meaning is that the people helped in some way were the same as the ones who did the helping, then yes: the reflexive pronoun "themselves" is correct .
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The affected people helped ______.
If the intended meaning is that the people helped in some way were the same as the ones who did the helping, then yes: the reflexive pronoun "themselves" is correct.
With no more information, it is hard to say. "themselves" can fit in the blank, but so can many other words.
Note that "help oneself" has two meanings. It can mean to act so as to improve one's own situation or circumstances, or it can mean to take something freely and without restraint (e.g. "Help yourself to as much food as you want").