Dear Thein
1. is correct.
"refer to" has different meanings. In 1. it and means something like "describe", "consider", "identify". The form is :
refer + to + sth/sb + as + sth
e.g. I refer to my friend Dave as my henchman because he helps me deal with difficult situations.
"as" is used in this case for a different function or capacity of the thing men