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Topic: Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems.

Identify one or two serious ones and suggest ways that governments and individuals can tackle these problems.
(500 words)

In this day and age, there is no doubt that the booming population in urban nations by virtue of technological advancement, immigration, better facilities, and lacking family planning has been a hotly-debated topic all over the world. A 2018 sustainable business anticipated that rapid growth of population will probably far outpace the ability of our planet to support, as well as be more challenging for individuals and the government to address, as it goes without saying that a whole host of downsides are brought about by overpopulation is one of the most crucial issues facing us today.

The initial point worth noting is the series of adverse effects on the environment that overcrowding results in municipal areas. Scientific American (2010) perceived that the more residents, the more demand for oil, gas, coal and other fuels mined or drilled from below the Earth’s surface, which further escalates CO2 and contributes to increased greenhouse gas emission into the atmosphere. Additionally, congestion is also strongly believed to be associated with over-populated nations, which not only does exhaust fume from numerous vehicles can do more harm than good for nature but also considerably increases the high risk of respiratory diseases such as asthma and lung cancer. Seriously, a large number of dumping ground is dramatically increasing on account of waste that humans charged into the environment.

Another factor to consider is the alarming rate of unemployment as the human population has continued to rise for ages. Business Insider (2016) pointed out that the unemployment rate remained stuck at 4.9%, with 7.8 million people deemed officially unemployed. Moreover, a variety of studies have looked at the link between unemployment and crime, their key findings asserted that individuals who are underemployed, not socially accepted or jobless are most likely to commit a crime. In general, Business Insider (2016) suggested that 205,300 jobs need to be created each month to keep up with the population explosion and not allow the unemployment situation to get worse.

On top of that, when it comes to source of supply, It becomes difficult to cater to the ever-growing requirements of an overpopulated nation. On ground of humans’ current need for assured food, water, and land, they are excessively involved in cutting down forests, hunting wildlife in a reckless manner, and causing pollution. Therefore, exhaustible natural resources like arable land, fossil fuels, and water continue to drop sharply, for example, the reckless cutting of trees to facilitate the housing needs of a large population takes away the habitat of hundreds of plants and animals. Importantly, According to Rick Leblanc (2018), around 15 percent of the world's population lived in "water-stressed" regions in 2016, the amount has been projected to reach 50 percent by 2030. In total, it is obvious that we are consuming freshwater than planet can replenish it.

Thus, It is high time for the government to take implement measures to mitigate these adverse impacts such as expanding awareness among people about birth control and introducing suitable policies to curb the growth rate of the population. For instance, propagandizing the family planning programs, together with straightforward and safe contraceptive options. Encouraging people to use eco-friendly products and enacting strict punishment for those who intentionally do harm to the environment. For individuals, only by taking responsibility to educate themselves and those around them about the severe effects of population boom in do they make effective use of birth control methods and effectively co-operate with the government to control overpopulation.

In a nutshell, People are living in the age when many of them are neglecting the hostile drawbacks of after-effects that overcrowding causes in metropolitan nations in terms of environment, source of supply, and unemployment. Thus, it is abundantly demonstrated that government actions and changes in the ways people live are urgently needed.