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In “The Allegory of the Cave,” the Classical Greek philosopher Plato uses an extended metaphor to express his belief about the difference between the material world and the world of ideas. In the metaphor, humans are portrayed as chained creatures sitting inside a cave and facing a dark wall of the cave; the cave represents society, and the dark wall represents the ignorance of society. Behind the humans, on another side of the cave, are a burning fire and a parapet on which walk other people carrying many kinds of objects. Shackled as they are, the sitting humans cannot turn their heads and see the fire, the parapet, and the walkers; instead, they see only the distorted shadows of the parapet-walkers' objects that the fire throws on the dark wall. Thus, they believe those shadows, which represent the material world, to be the only existing world. They are interested in only worldly pursuits, such as the pursuit of material wealth. Plato claims that outside the cave exists the other separate and superior world of ideas, a world represented by the sun in the extended metaphor. Some humans become unshackled, realize the illusionary nature of the shadows, and wander outside the cave. At first, they are unused to and afflicted by the brightness of sunlight, but through perseverance, they become accustomed to it. The sunlight then moves them to contemplation and awakens knowledge, wisdom, and goodness in them. While Plato maintains that those enlightened humans should not return to the blinded state and can face persecution from their unenlightened kin, he insists that they have a duty to return to the inside of the cave and be the leaders of their societies. Plato argues that a State will only be ideal when it is led by individuals within whom the fire of wisdom has been lit.