"pitiful" most often means "arousing pity" rather than "expressing pity". However, in the case of "pitiful smile", it seems more likely to be intended as the latter.
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suresh ghosh What does pitiful smile mean? Explanation with examples are solicited.I see it as a sort of pathetic smile.
AnonymousI see it as a sort of pathetic smile.Actually, I think it's ambiguous. When I looked first time I thought most of the Google hits were for the "expressing pity" meaning, but now I'm thinking that they are a mixture of "expressing pity" and "arousing pity", though sometimes it is quite hard to tell which is intended.