But I think that the bold words in the first sentence are classified as a adjective clause and the ones in the second sentence are classified as noun phrases.
1. The umbrella which has polka dots is mine.
2. The umbrella with polka dots is mine.
In #1 the expression in bold is a relative clause; in #2 it's a preposition phrase, with the preposition with as head. Terms like ‘adjective clause’ are not really useful or appropriate. The category ‘adjective’ applies to words or phrases.
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Aspara GusIn #1 the expression in bold is a relative clause; in #2 it's a preposition phrase, with the preposition with as head.Thank you.