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Pleasehelp Posted 17 years ago
Grammar

Past perfect and present perfect

A Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.

B Tony knew Instanbul so well because he has visited the city several times.

A is past perfect and B is present perfect, but they do seem to mean the same thing to me... If not the same it sounds similar at least.
  

Top answer

From where I stand, I see these 2 sentences in tense disagreement without additional context to support them. The first implies that Tony may no longer know the City. For the second one, It makes more sense to say: "Tony knows Instanbul so well because he has visited the city several times.

  • From where I stand, I see these 2 sentences in tense disagreement without additional context to support them.
  • The first implies that Tony may no longer know the City.
  • For the second one, It makes more sense to say: "Tony knows Instanbul so well because he has visited the city several times.
  • Several times - is an unrestrictive phrase which can be used in present perfect context.
  • But "knew" causes conflict in tense agreement.
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1 Answers
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From where I stand, I see these 2 sentences in tense disagreement without additional context to support them.

The first implies that Tony may no longer know the City.

For the second one, It makes more sense to say: "Tony knows Instanbul so well because he has visited the city several times. Several times - is an unrestrictive phrase which can be used in present pe

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