Because 'the outside' in this context is a noun ('a nominal phrase' to be precise). Compare: It is dark outside ('outside' is an adverb) Lower the window and open the door from the outside ('the outside' functions as a noun)
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Mr. TomLower the window and open the door from the outside.I agree with Yankee completely. You can't use from outside because that means you are not in the car.
Why not: from outside?