Aside from the pattern "outside office/opening/school/etc. hours", there are uses like: "I finished the marathon, but I was outside four hours" (took longer than four hours) "That took just a couple of seconds outside two minutes" (a couple of seconds longer than two minutes) "I finished the test, but outside the allotted time" (took longer than the allotted time) etc. There may be other patterns too.
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