The two words are similar in meaning but are normally not interchangeable. As for your example, "oblivious" is possible if you want to say that he is unaware of/doesn't even notice a kid's suffering. However, if your intention is to say that he doesn't show any sympathy for a kid's suffering then I'd probably go with "unsympathetic" or perhaps "indifferent".
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IvanhrThe two words are similar in meaning but are normally not interchangeable. As for your example, "oblivious" is possible if you want to say that he is unaware of/doesn't even notice a kid's suffering. However, if your intention is to say that he doesn't show any sympathy for a kid's suffering then I'd probably go with "unsympathetic" or perhaps "indifferent".