Question 1: If 'died' were replaced with 'were killed', would it still sound natural? Not really. The restatement is: People in that country were killed by the heavy rain.
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People in that country were killed by the heavy rain.
Question 1: If 'died' were replaced with 'were killed', would it still sound natural?
Not really. The restatement is:
Question 2: If it were 'the heavy rains'
TakaThis wouldn't really work either?People in that country were killed as a result of the heavy rain.The passive voice really needs an explicit agent here to dispel ambiguity.