- I'd expect a jungle to be a very thickly and tangled wooded area outside of Europe. My association would be with South America or Africa. It will probably have wild animals living freely there
- A wood or a forest might be found anywhere and would probably be much tamer. A wood is usually smaller than a forest
Jungles are tropical kinds of forests, with very high temperatures and humidity. The kind of forests in parts of the world like Brazil, Cameroon and South East Asia.
Wood and forest are more general words, not limited to just tropical areas with trees.
In US usage, "jungle" means a wild area in a tropical region. "Woods" is a wild area in a temperate land. "Forest" means the same thing as "woods." Except figuratively, "woods" and "forest" aren't used to refer to a jungle, and "jungle" isn't used to refer to a forest or woods - the vegetation is completely different in tropical and temperate zones. Some examples of figurative usage: