Is this too impolite?

I constantly hear people say: Then I finally got out of this f*king train, our sosciety is f**ked up, I don't give a f**k about them etc. Where I live, people who consider themselves intelligent never swear. I know that any expression with f*ck, don't give a damn/*** etc. are swear words. But I hear people use them during speeches, talks, business meetings etc. Is that possible that swearing in English-speaking countries is considered to be more socially appropriate than in mine? What would you think of a public speaker, if he said something like: 'Then I realized I f**ked up?' Please explain to me how swearing sounds to native speakers as much detail possible. Because it really makes me feel uncomfortable when I want to swear (it's the only way to express some specific emotion properly), but I don't know how people will react to it. Thanks in advance)