1. Does "cutting into the skin" mean "cutting and penetrating skin"?
2. Does "in lieu of" in the following context mean "instead of" or "in exchange for"?
Text:
These bodily transformations are important motifs in art and myth, ways of escaping the singular entrapments of the body as well as relating to Bersani’s concept of ‘self-shattering’. While the art of cutting into the skin in the aforementioned artists’ work could be seen as pathological failures of the protective function of the skin ego and as a compulsion to derive pleasure from the raw exposure of flesh in lieu of having a stabilising internal image, it could also be seen as restoring the ego to a time before it took on the defensive mechanisms of an armoured surface.
catttt 1. Does "cutting into the skin" mean "cutting and penetrating skin"? That is the plain meaning, but the writer seems to be referring to something specific, and I don't know what that is.
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catttt1. Does "cutting into the skin" mean "cutting and penetrating skin"?
That is the plain meaning, but the writer seems to be referring to something specific, and I don't know what that is.
catttt2. Does "in lieu of" in the following context mean "instead of" or "in exchange for"?
It means "in place of", "as a s