IELTS Writing Task 1 - Cement & Concrete

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The two diagrams illustrate the phases and the equipment needed for the production of cement and how concrete, used for the construction of buildings, is made starting from cement.

Overall, the production of cement is divided into different stages, requiring many equipment. Concrete production, instead, is a shorter process.

The production of cement starts with the use of limestone and clay, which are crushed into a powder thanks to a machinery called crasher. Then, the powder moves through a pipeline until it reaches a rotating heater. As the name suggests, this machinery heats the powder up while rotating. Then, the material obtained in the previous stage moves towards a grinder. The productive process concludes with the obtaining of cement which is finally bagged.

The production of concrete requires the use of four materials in different proportions. Specifically, it requires 10% of water, 15% of cement and 25% of sand. The largest share is gravel, consisting of small stones, which amounts to 50%. These materials are put in a concrete mixer which makes them rotate and combine. Once this process is over, concrete is obtained.