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Results

Our results afford extend knowledge about feeding of coral fishes.

Many harpacticoids, freeliving larvae of parasitic Isopoda (family Dajidae), y-larvae of Facetotecta (adults presumably also parasitic), larvae of Gastropoda and Bivalvia, isopods from family Gnathidae, larvae of Polychaeta (family Spionidae) were found in the diet of Dascyllus reticulatus and Chromis caeruleus. Our results differ much from what was found out before. The list of objects found in the intestine of these two species is now expanded.

For Dascyllus and Chromis almost all of found categories of objects are shared. On the whole their feeding preferences are quite similar.

There are very few investigations dedicated to members of genus Gobiodon. In previous investigations only the biggest groups of crustaceans were identified in the diet of this fish. Our data can help to know more about the feed composition of Gobiodon quinquestrigatus. 12 groups of food items have been found in the diet of this species, mainly they were presented by Copepoda, Foraminifera and Nematoda.

Also in all examined specimens of Gobiodon quinquestrigatus cnidocysts of the corals in very big amount have been found.

Such data hasn’t been presented in literature before.

On frequency of occurrence for Dascyllus reticulatus and Chromis caeruleus some identical groups of Copepoda are allocated: Calanoida, Cyclopoida,Harpacticoida, family of Copepoda associated with coral.

Symbiotic copepods Siponostomatoida, Poecilostomatoida with very high frequency have been found for Chromis caeruleus.

Moreover both species often have freeliving larvae of parasitic Isopoda from family Dajidae.

There is slightly different picture for Gobiodon quinquestrigatus. In 100% of the cases were found only coral’s cnidocysts. The other groups occur less frequently. Harpacticoida, Calanoida, Siphonostomatoida dominated.



Main conclusions

1. The list of feeding objects of three dominant coral fish species, associated with coral genus Acropora, Chromis caeruleus, Dascyllus reticulatus, Gobiodon quinquestrigatus is presented.
2. Freeliving crustaceans, symbiotic crustaceans, and crustaceans form the basis of diet of Chromis caeruleus and Dascyllus reticulatus.
3. It was registered for the first time that cryptic species Gobiodon quinquestrigatus feed mainly on mucus of the host coral.
4. Larvae and adults of symbiotic crustaceans (y-cypris of parasitic Facetotecta, larvae of parasitic Isopods family Dajidae, adults of parasitic Copepoda) in the diet of all investigated specimens were found. The hypothesis about possibility of grazing coral parasites by coral fishes was validated.


Material and methods

The material was collected in 2005-2007 in the ().

In 2005 colony of Acropora sp. was selected, all big animals were taken from it.

In 2007 4 colonies of Acropora hyacynthus were selected, 3 fish species were taken from it: Dascyllus reticulatus, Chromis caeruleus, Gobiodon quinquestrigatus.

Totally were investigated: colony Acropora sp.; 4 colonies Acropora hyacynthus; 50 fishes: 30 specimens Dascyllus retuculatus, 11 specimens Chromis caeruleus, 9 specimens Gobiodon quinquestrigatus.

Digestive tract was removed from every fish specimen. From content of both stomach and intestine of these fishes preparation in glycerin were made.

Fish fixed in 70% alcohol. In addition, during studying content of digestive tract, 3035 digital photos were made.

For each group of dietary objects tables of numerical abundance of objects and frequency of occurrence were made. Only comparable size objects were used in tables of estimation of numerical abundance.