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Desiree's Baby: A Literary Analysis
In this literary analysis of Kate Chopin's "Desiree's Baby", the author explores issues of race, social status, pride, love and tragedy. The story starts when the two main characters, Armand and Desiree, fell in love, married, and had their child. They were both proud parents, Armand, in particular changed from the "imperious" and stern personality that he shows toward his slave to someone who is soft and even laughs with then when they made a mistake. However, it made an unexpected turn three months after the baby was born. Everyone, the slave, the neighbors, Madame Valmonde and Armand, except for Desiree, noticed the child's color, which is not of pure white. With this reality, Armand's behavior towards Desiree and their child changed.
Armand had known Desiree since childhood. He knows that she was an adopted child of the Valmonde. When the time came that he fell in love with her it was as quick "as if struck by a pistol shot", he wanted to marry her at once. Although Monsieur Valmonde wants only what is best for Desiree that is why he told Armand that her daughter has a questionable origin, it still didn't matter to him. For out of his pride and social standing, he can provide that name which he believes to be "one of the oldest and proudest in Louisiana".
As plantation and slave owners, the Aubigny's are a known name in Louisiana. However, there is a quite difference between the past owner who is Armand's father and the previous owner, Armand. During his father's time, the slaves loved and respected the master. Monsieur Aubigny was "easy-going and indulgent". He was lenient to his ruling. He shows compassion to them probably because he fell in love and married one of their kinds. It was not clearly stated that Armand's mother was also a slave, but there are a few hints about her racial standing; "she having loved her own land too well to ever leave it" and "...belongs to the race that is cursed with the brand of slavery". But Armand has no knowledge of this, only the fact that he was born in Paris and they moved back to Louisiana when his mother died when he was eight. The entire good traits that his father has, he has not. His rule was very strict; his personality seemed the "very spirit of Satan that took hold of him in dealing with the slaves."
"Like anything that drives headlong over all the obstacles" is how Armand felt for Desiree but it quickly fades "swept along like an avalanche." When the slaves and the neighbors started noticing the baby's skin color, this did not escape Armand's attention. He started ignoring Desiree, avoiding her and their own child without giving any reasons. His passion and love for his wife was limited based on his standard. Nevertheless, for him Desiree is not the woman who exceeded his expectation. He judged her based from the fact of her unknown origin. Although at the start, he stated that it does not matter. Yet, there is too much arrogance and pride that he carries not just about his color but also about his name and social status. His love for her is neither true nor unconditional rather it is superficial. With his wealth, he can just leave and go to another country with his wife and child like what his father did and yet he chose not to. He would rather see her leave L'Abri than face the judging comments of his neighbor or lose the power he has with his slaves. Although in the end, Armand was not of pure white but was the one who carries the "brand of slavery."
Desiree has nothing but hopelessness, which was very tragic that she had to take her life and her own child because of Armand's racial prejudice. The selfishness and pride that he bears being a slave owner. Moreover, the irony after casting his wife and child he found out it was he who was not pure white. Both characters had slaves of their own weaknesses. Desiree was a slave of her love for Armand. She has to take her own life instead of just going back to her parents who accepted her for who she is and will probably accept her child too. Armand, on the other, being in bond of his fear of losing his own power, respect, or authority that he has towards his slave. The arrogance he carries towards his name and the status it brings to society is far more superior to the love he has for his wife and his very own child.