A "cradle-to-the-grave government" is a type of government that has a lot of welfare and social programs - programs for babies, children, teens, adults, and old people.
New words, one handy idiom, and a 2-minute quiz — delivered to your inbox to keep your streak alive.
chivalryIt looks to me, that the sentence is referring to a particular governmentNo -- not a particular government. It's a particular kind of government, the kind of government that is seen among the countries that make up the euro zone.