I would expect the sentence to be I can't do anything right by you , and your interpretation is more or less correct. " If he did say I can't do everything right by you it would mean " I can't do everything you want/need me to do for you ", but this doesn't fit the context very well.
New words, one handy idiom, and a 2-minute quiz — delivered to your inbox to keep your streak alive.
Blue JayI can't do anything right by you,You're right, it was 'anything' not 'everything'.