How is this passive construction called?

Question

I wonder how "the tax raised" in the following sentence is called in grammatical terms, if it is a correct sentence. Please, correct if it isn't. The tax raised, more small interprises will close down. Or maybe it should be extended to the following. Having the tax raised, more small enterprises will close down. It seems to me that it is an adverbial modifier of condition. Am I right? Thanks to everybody helping me to work out this question.

GPY · Accepted Answer

I suggest something like this:

The tax increase will cause/force more small enterprises to close.

("force" sounds stronger.)

CalifJim · Answer

AnonymousI wonder what "the tax raised" in the following sentence is called in grammatical terms

It's what something is called, not how something is called.

AnonymousThe tax raised, more small enterprises will close down.

It's called a participial phrase by some and a participle clause by others. The equivalent long form is:

Now that the tax has been raised, more small enterprises will close down.

Anonymousmaybe it should be extended to the following. Having the tax raised, more small enterprises will close down.

No. That extension is not an improvement.

AnonymousIt seems to me that it is an adverbial modifier of condition.

It's certainly adverbial. I don't know if it's necessary to be so specific as to say "of condition", but you can call it that if you wish.

CJ

Anonymous · Answer

CalifJimIt's what something is called, not how something is called

That's a common mistake by people who learn English as a foreign language.

CalifJim · Answer

Anonymous CalifJimIt's what something is called, not how something is calledThat's a common mistake by people who learn English as a foreign language.

Yes, that's right. It is.

CJ

RandomGuy · Answer

CalifJimIt's called a participial phrase by some

Even though it has a subject? SMH.

CalifJim · Answer

Aspara GusEven though it has a subject? SMH.

What then? An absolute construction? Isn't that a subset of (traditional) participial phrases?

SMH means nothing to me, by the way. "Send me hugs"?

CJ

Fivejedjon · Answer

CalifJim "Send me hugs"?

I doubt it, but I can't think of anything better.

CalifJim · Answer

fivejedjonI can't think of anything better.

I can, but I'd get banned for writing it!

CJ

Edit: OK. I asked Mrs. Google. She says it's "Shaking my head".
That's CGEL terminology, of course. The traditional form is "Tsk, tsk, tsk".

RandomGuy · Answer

The main objection a lot of people have to calling non-finite constructions clauses is that they (usually) lack an overt grammatical subject, and are hence better analyzed as phrases. The construction in question has both a subject and (in their analysis) the main verb, so it’s a mystery to me why they would still prefer not to call it a clause — and, maybe while they’re at it, accept that not all subordinate clauses have subjects, just as not all main clauses do (Don’t be so negative).

CalifJimSMH means nothing to me, by the way.

fivejedjonI doubt it, but I can't think of anything better.

Oh, that’s not in the mainstream yet? “shake my head”

CalifJim · Answer

Aspara Gusit’s a mystery to me why they would still prefer not to call it a clause.

Agree. I've long ago switched to calling these participle clauses, but I still suspect you can find the description 'phrase' in various sources, including in answers given on this forum. Maybe even the OP's textbook uses the term 'phrase' for this. That's why I mentioned it.

CJ

How is this passive construction called?

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