Having + verb 3 (the third for of the verb)

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Hi. Can someone explain me the Having + verb 3 (the third for of the verb) ? And give examples also

CalifJim · Accepted Answer

BoSsSy
Hi. Can someone explain ~~me the~~ Having + verb 3 (the third form of the verb)? And give examples also

"having" + p.p. is called a perfect participle. It gives you the verb part of a kind of non-finite clause called a participle clause. Usually more follows after this verb form. This kind of clause cannot stand alone. It must be connected to a main (finite) clause.

1. Having already seen that movie, Angela decided not to go again.

"having seen" is the perfect participle.
"having already seen that movie" is the whole participle clause.
In this sentence the relationship between clauses is causal.  Angela decided not to go to that movie again because she had already seen it.

2. Having dug the hole, they placed the rose bush into it.

In this sentence the relationship between clauses is temporal.  They placed the rose bush in the hole after they had dug it.

3. Having worked the entire night without rest, the search-and-rescue team had to take a break and get some sleep.

Again, a causal relationship: ... because they had worked ....

CJ

Having + verb 3 (the third for of the verb)

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