" modifies "it" or the sentence " but I understand it’s to do with the build up of gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere," There is no way to determine grammatically which referents the writer meant. Semantically, it makes little or no difference here, however.
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tensai1031In above paragraph, I wonder if the two bold pronoun "it" in second sentence replaces " a combination of global warming and the greenhouse effect", and the relative clause "which...." modifies "it" or the sentence " but I understand it’s to do with the build up of gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere,"There is no way to determine gramma