Hi, Here's the very basic idea, in examples. I have cooked dinner. It's on the table.
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(Has and have) +v3 is use with present perfect tense and had +v3 with past perfect.
Present perfect: to express an action completed at an indefinite point of time like I have written the letter.
Past perfect: to express an action completed before another action took place in past like the bell had rang before I reached school.