"I ask him how much questions of assimilation and identity were live issues around his dinner table growing up."
(The Guardian.)
Who or what was growing up in the sentence above? Is it "him (he)", "questions", "live issues", or "his dinner table"?
It would be 'him'.
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That is a clumsy sentence, so your confusion is understandable, but "growing up" is effortlessly understood to mean "while a child" in ordinary English however it is presented: "I ask him how much questions of assimilation and identity were live issues around his dinner table [while he was} growing up."