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John kenter Posted 12 years ago
Grammar
Grammar
Hi, guys, I'd like to ask you guys three questions concerning usage of having + past participle form. In particular, I have found three sentences in a British magazine.
The first one is " Having come tantalisingly close to taking off, Brazil has stalled."
My question is would it still have the same meaning if I changed it to having come tantalisingly close to taking off, Brazil stalled? Could you tell me the difference of the two sentences?
The second one is: " Having taught university students in global affairs, I happened to have several old papers in a drawer."
My question is would it be okay to write like this: having taught university students in global affairs, I have happened to have several old papers in a drawer? And it is true that having+past participle, doesn't have tense markers; only the matrix clause has tenses?
The third one is "Reacting to the repeated attacks, the CEO has apologised to the firm's customers."
My question is would it have the same meaning if I changed it to reacting to the repeated attacks,,the CEO apologised to te firm's customers? Could it be that the former one- the CEO has apologised- is used to talk about current or recent events, whereas "the later one- the CEO apologised- refers to past events?
Could you explain it for me. Thank you and Happy Holidays to you all.
The first one is " Having come tantalisingly close to taking off, Brazil has stalled."
My question is would it still have the same meaning if I changed it to having come tantalisingly close to taking off, Brazil stalled? Could you tell me the difference of the two sentences?
The second one is: " Having taught university students in global affairs, I happened to have several old papers in a drawer."
My question is would it be okay to write like this: having taught university students in global affairs, I have happened to have several old papers in a drawer? And it is true that having+past participle, doesn't have tense markers; only the matrix clause has tenses?
The third one is "Reacting to the repeated attacks, the CEO has apologised to the firm's customers."
My question is would it have the same meaning if I changed it to reacting to the repeated attacks,,the CEO apologised to te firm's customers? Could it be that the former one- the CEO has apologised- is used to talk about current or recent events, whereas "the later one- the CEO apologised- refers to past events?
Could you explain it for me. Thank you and Happy Holidays to you all.
Top answer
john kenter - 1. Having come tantalisingly close to taking off, Brazil (has) stalled. 2.
- john kenter - 1.
- Having come tantalisingly close to taking off, Brazil (has) stalled.
- 2.
- Having taught university students in global affairs, I happened to have several old papers in a drawer.
- 3.
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2 Answers
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john kenter-1. and 3. are written in journalistic style, and you are correct to sa
1. Having come tantalisingly close to taking off, Brazil (has) stalled.
2. Having taught university students in global affairs, I happened to have several old papers in a drawer.
3. Reacting to the repeated attacks, the CEO (has) apologised to the firm's customers.
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