You have to figure out what its purpose is in the sentence. Start by identifying words that you know the part of speech of, then it may be easier to identify the unknown word. Prepositions are used to indicate the position of something.
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Mercyful_fateHow to know if the word functions as noun, adverb, preposition or adjective in the sentence.
For example, if I have the word "before" how to know if it functions as adverb, preposition or conjunction.
Sentence: Talk to her before taking this decision.
I don't remember any other words that can have different function, but I think you