With regard to #1, try to look up 'foment.' 'Fomentation' is its noun form. Minor correction: "What's the meaning of ...?"
With #2, it is not a complete sentence so it's a guessing game. It seems like a title of a paragraph. But your understanding is most likely what it means. Minor correction: " ...have the right to vote."
1. After 24 hours of sprain put some salt in lukewarm water and give fomentation.
What is meaning of "fomentation"? It means agitating or stirring up trouble. I think the word the writer was thinking of was 'fermentation', which mean agitate or stir up in a physical/chemical sense.
In the given context, 'foment' has a medical connotation. In a medical community, it means to warm an injured area by applying to it a strip of cloth soaked with hot water or a rubber bag containing hot water.