1) "favor up" is not a phrase. The phrases are "in Canada’s favor / up to 2006". "up to 2006" means in the years before (and in this case apparently including) 2006.
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moon7296Q1) Are outpace, transcend possible options, too?"outpaced" could work. "transcended" doesn't sound quite right.
moon7296Q2) What can be the antonyms of surpass, exceed, outpace?"trail" and "lag" are possiblities in some contexts but do not work well in your sentence. "fall behind" could work, but I think most