0
Tiểu Cầm Posted 10 years ago
Vocabulary

Explain the meaning of the phrase

There is an extracted graph:

International law is said to date from the Westphalia treaty, yet the word “international” was not coined until 132 years later. By then Europe had hit the tipping point of the industrial revolution.

I don't understand the phrase "by then". Please help me to make its meaning clearer. Thank you.
  

Top answer

m I don't understand the phrase "by then". It means 'by that time', which in your excerpt means 'by 1780' (1648+132).

  • m I don't understand the phrase "by then".
  • It means 'by that time', which in your excerpt means 'by 1780' (1648+132).
Free · every Monday

Get the Weekly English Kit 📬

New words, one handy idiom, and a 2-minute quiz — delivered to your inbox to keep your streak alive.

1 Answers
0
Ti?u C?mI don't understand the phrase "by then".
It means 'by that time', which in your excerpt means 'by 1780' (1648+132).

Related Questions